Section 29-30 Off-street parking and loading regulations.
Prior to the adoption of Ord. 17575 on 02/03/2003, Section 29-30 read as follows.
(a) General Requirements:
(1) Except in District C-2 and except as provided
in subsection (a)(2), all uses established
and all buildings erected, constructed, reconstructed, or expanded after November 19, 2001 shall
be provided with off-street parking spaces, either in the form of parking garages or open parking
areas for the parking of motor passenger vehicles, as specified herein.
(2) Exceptions to off-street parking and loading regulations.
a. Subject to the provisions
of subsections (a)(3), (4) and (5), the off-street parking
requirements of this section that were in effect on November 18, 2001 shall apply to:
1. Any
use or building for which a building permit was issued before November 20,
2001; provided, that construction on the building is begun within one hundred eighty (180) days
of issuance of the building permit and completed within two (2) years of issuance of the building
permit.
2. Any
use or building for which plans were submitted to the city and were under
review by City staff on November 19, 2001; provided, that the plans were in substantial
compliance with all city ordinances and regulations, the plans are approved
by the city,
building permits are issued for the structures shown on the plans and construction on the
structures is begun within one hundred eighty (180) days of issuance of the building permit and
completed within two (2) years of issuance of the building permit.
b. The off-street parking requirements
of this section shall not apply to property that is
located in a planned zoning district and that is subject to a site plan or development plan
approved before November 19, 2001.
(3) When the intensity of use of any legally established building, structure
or premises is
increased resulting in a net increase of gross floor area or any other unit of measurement
specified herein for determining required parking areas, parking spaces and any other facilities as
required herein shall be provided for such increase in intensity of use.
(4) Whenever the type of use of a building, structure or premises is changed
to a new type of
use permitted by this chapter, parking spaces and areas shall be provided as required by the
provisions of this section for such new type of use, subject to the exception noted in Section 29-30
(a)(2).
(5) Required offstreet parking areas in existence on November 19, 2001 shall
not be reduced
below, or if already less than, shall not be further reduced below, the requirements for such use
as would be required for the use as a new use of a building, structure or premises under the
provisions of this section.
(6) In a residential district, no garage other than a private garage shall be
located nearer than
sixty (60) feet to the front lot line. Required parking spaces may be tandem to serve one- and
two-family dwellings only; provided that the parking space is adjacent and parallel to the
driveway serving the space required behind the building line and only one parking space per
dwelling unit is allowed in the required front yard or on the required side yard on the street side
of a corner lot. Parking spaces for all other uses in residential districts shall not be located in
the
required front yard.
(7) No motor vehicle shall be parked in the yard area
of a one-family or two-family dwelling,
multiple-family apartment, court apartment, group dwelling, sorority or fraternity house,
dormitory, cooperative house, or rooming, boarding, or lodging house, other than in a parking
area or driveway as defined by and under the provisions of this chapter, provided that such
parking shall be allowed on property with a valid temporary permit issued by the director of
public works under subsection (a)(8).
a. If any vehicle is found in violation of this provision and the driver thereof
is not present, the
owner or person in whose name such vehicle is registered in the records of the city, county or
state, shall be responsible for such violation when such vehicle was being used with permission.
Proof of the ownership, as aforesaid, shall be prima facie evidence that such vehicle with absent
driver was being operated with the permission of the owner.
b. In addition, the owner or general agent of the building or premises where
a violation of this
provision exists, or the lessees or tenants of an entire building or entire premises where such
violation has been committed or shall exist, shall be responsible for such violation, when such
person knows of such violation or has been served with an order to remove any such violation
and after five (5) days following service of such order has failed to remove any such violation, or
allows any violation of this provision to exist.
c. Any person found in violation
of this provision shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars ($100.00) or
by imprisonment of not more than thirty (30) days, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
(8) The director of public works may issue temporary permits to the owner or
authorized agent
of the owner to allow parking of motor vehicles in a yard area as prohibited in subsection (a)(7),
subject to the following terms and conditions:
a. Such permit shall be issued for a period deemed appropriate by the director
of public works,
not to exceed forty-eight (48) hours.
b. No such permit may be issued for parking in the yard area of a one-family
or two-family
dwelling.
c. Such permits may be issued only for Saturdays, Sundays or holidays.
d. Such permit shall only be issued on a finding by the director of public works
that such
permit is necessary for an event which is of city or area-wide concern and where such event will
attract traffic which cannot be effectively served by existing accessible parking facilities.
(b) Parking Requirements. Off-street parking spaces shall be provided for
all uses in
accordance with the minimum requirement set forth in Table 29-30 (b)(1).
Table 29-30 (b) (1)
|
Residential
|
Required
Parking
|
|
Single and Two-Family
Dwelling Units
|
2
spaces/dwelling
unit for single-family attached
and unattached
dwellings; 2
spaces/unit for
two-family units
having up to
two bedrooms;
three
spaces/unit in
two-family units
of three or more
bedrooms
|
|
Single Family Attached
Units
|
2
spaces/dwelling
unit
|
|
Multi-Family Dwellings
|
1.0
spaces/dwelling
unit for
"efficiency"
apartment (i.e.,
units without a
separate
bedroom); 1.5
spaces/dwelling
unit for 1
bedroom units;
2
spaces/dwelling
unit for 2
bedroom units;
2.5
spaces/dwelling
for 3 or more
bedroom units;
In addition to
required parking
for residents, 1
space/5
dwelling units
will be required
for visitor
parking.
|
|
Dormitories
|
1 space/2
occupants the
building is
ultimately
designed to
accommodate
|
|
Fraternity/Sorority Houses
|
1 space/2
occupants
|
|
Elderly and Handicapped
Housing
|
1 space/unit
|
|
Boarding House or
Rooming House
|
1 space/2
occupants the
building is
ultimately
designed to
accommodate
|
|
Nursing (or Convalescent)
Homes and Residential Care
Facilities
|
1 space/4 beds
plus 1
space/employee
|
|
Bed and Breakfast
|
1 space/guest
room plus 2
parking
spaces/dwelling
unit
|
|
Motel, Hotel
|
1 space/room
plus 1 space/20
rooms (to
accommodate
motel/hotel
staff) plus 75%
of the normal
spaces required
for accessory
uses (e.g.
banquet rooms,
meeting rooms,
restaurants, etc)
if applicable.
|
|
Mobile Home
|
2
space/dwelling
unit
|
|
Temporary Shelters
|
1
space/employee
plus 1
space/every 4
occupants the
shelter is
designed to
accommodate
|
|
Public and Quasi-Public
Uses
|
|
|
Art Gallery, Museum,
Education Research Center,
Library
|
1 space/1,000
sq. feet
|
|
Auditorium or Assembly
Hall
|
1 space/4 seats
or occupants
|
|
Churches, Temples,
Mosques, & Synagogues
|
1 space/4 seats
in sanctuary or
other assembly
area
|
|
College/University
Administrative or service
buildings
|
1
space/employee
station
|
|
College/University
Classrooms
|
1 space/5
classroom seats
|
|
College/University
Dormitories where students
are not permitted autos
|
Public works
director may
reduce
requirements for
dorms by not
more than 20%
during such
periods
students are not
permitted autos.
|
|
Day Care Facility
|
1
space/employee
plus either of
the following:
1) Two (2)
parking spaces
for the first 10
children plus
one (1) parking
space for every
ten (10)
additional
children, or
fraction thereof,
for whom care
is provided; OR
2) A drive
through facility
with adequate
““pullover””
space out of the
flow of
driveway traffic
for two (2)
additional
vehicles.
|
|
Hospital and Sanitarium
|
1 space/bed for
first 100 beds; 1
space/2 beds for
next 100 beds; 1
space/4 beds
thereafter
|
|
Lodge or Private Club
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft. of assembly
area
|
|
Philanthropic/eleemosynary
institutions, other than penal
or correctional;
|
1 space/400 sq.
ft.
|
|
Schools (including public,
private, parochial)
Elementary, Junior High or
Middle School
|
Elementary
schools - 1
space/employee
plus 1 space/15
students;
Middle schools
and junior high
schools - 1
space/employee
plus 1 space/10
students
|
|
Senior High School
|
1
space/employee
plus 1 space/4
students
|
|
Other schools including
Vocational, Trade or
Business Schools
|
1
space/employee
station plus 1
space/each 5
students except
nursery schools
which require 1
space/employee
or teacher
station
|
|
Office and Related Uses
|
|
|
Bank, Savings and Loan
Association and Other
Financial Institutions
|
Walk-in facility:
1 space/250 sq
feet; Drive-thru
facility: 1
space/300 sq
feet plus 3
stacking spaces
for each drive-up window
|
|
Medical Clinic or Office
|
1 space/each
200 sq. ft.
|
|
Professional & Business
Office
|
1 space/300 sq.
feet
|
|
Service Business Uses
|
|
|
Animal Hospital/Kennel
|
1 space/300 sq.
ft.
|
|
Barber & Beauty Shop
|
2 spaces/chair
or operator
station
|
|
Dry Cleaning or Laundry
Establishment
|
1 space/300 sq.
ft.
|
|
Mortuary, Funeral Home
|
1 space/5 seats
in largest chapel
plus 1
space/employee
plus 1 space for
each facility
vehicle
|
|
Retail Business Uses
|
|
|
Apparel & Accessory
Stores, Clothing Store, Shoe
Store, Jewelry Store
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Building Materials,
Hardware & Garden
Supplies
|
1 space/250 sq.
ft. plus 1
space/1,000 sq
ft of outdoor
sales area
|
|
Computer Supply
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Convenience Store
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft. Parking
spaces at gas
pumps will
count toward
required parking
|
|
Department Store
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Drug Stores
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Dry Goods, Fabric Store
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Furniture, Appliance Stores,
Home Furnishings
|
1 space/400 sq.
ft.
|
|
Office Supply
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Restaurant, Café, Fast-Food
Restaurant, Taverns or Bars
|
1 space/100 sq.
feet; Drive-thrus
also required to
have 4 stacking
spaces/window
|
|
Shopping Center
|
First 200,000 sq
ft. of gross floor
area (GFA) - 1
space/250 sq. ft;
Over 200,000
sq. ft. of GFA -
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Sporting Goods
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Supermarket, Food and
Beverage Stores
|
1 space/200 sq.
ft.
|
|
Commercial Recreational
Uses
|
|
|
Bowling Alley or Lanes
|
5 spaces/lane;
Other uses (bar,
restaurant, etc)
figured
separately at
75% of the
parking required
|
|
Driving Range
|
1 space/tee box
|
|
Golf Course
|
4 spaces/hole
|
|
Health Clubs & Fitness
Centers
|
1 space/150 sq.
ft
|
|
Indoor Movie Theater
|
1 space/4 seats
|
|
Indoor Recreation Facilities
|
1 space/300 sq.
ft
|
|
Miniature Golf
|
1 space/hole
|
|
Parks & playgrounds
|
1 space/5,000 sq
feet of land area
|
|
Pool Halls
|
1 space/300 sq.
ft
|
|
Rifle, pistol, and archery
ranges
|
1 space/station
|
|
Skating Rinks
|
1 space/200 sq.
feet
|
|
Stadiums
|
1 space/4 seats
|
|
Outdoor Swimming Pools
|
a. One parking
space for each
one hundred
fifty (150)
square feet of
water surface
area; provided,
however,
additional
spaces shall be
required when
the following
amenities are
included: water
slide (ten (10)
feet or taller) -
seven spaces for
each slide;
diving board -
two spaces for
each board;
zero depth entry
- one space for
each fifteen (15)
lineal feet;
concession
stand - three
spaces; tennis,
basketball or
volleyball court
- two spaces for
each court; and
b. The number
of spaces shall
be reduced by
twenty (20)
percent if use of
the pool is
restricted to
residents of the
subdivision in
which the pool
is located or if
use of at least
twenty-five (25)
percent of the
pool is regularly
devoted to
training or
therapy.
|
|
Indoor Swimming Pools
|
a. One parking
space for each
two hundred
(200) square
feet of water
surface area;
provided,
however,
additional
spaces shall be
required when
pool amenities
are included at
the same rate as
for outdoor
swimming
pools, as well as
when the
following other
amenities are
included:
aerobics floor
or
cardiovascular
room - one
space for each
one hundred
(100) square
feet, weight
room - one
space for each
one hundred
fifty (150)
square feet,
lounge or office
area- one space
for each two
hundred (200)
square feet,
other useable
activity areas -
one space for
each three
hundred (300)
square feet; and
b. the number
of parking
spaces shall be
reduced by
twenty (20)
percent if use of
at least twenty-five (25)
percent of the
pool is regularly
devoted to
training or
therapy.
|
|
Tennis Courts
|
2 spaces/court
|
|
Transportation and Related
Uses
|
|
|
Auto Service Stations and
Auto Accessory Stores
|
1 space/200 s.f.;
spaces at fuel
pump islands
will be counted
toward this
requirement
|
|
Automobile Repair, Major
|
1
space/employee
plus 4
spaces/service
bay; Inoperable
vehicles shall
not occupy
required
parking
|
|
Automobile, Boat, Truck,
and Mobile Home Sales &
Service
|
1 space/400 sq.
ft of floor area
plus 1
space/3,000 sq.
feet of open lot
display area
|
|
Car Wash - Automatic and
Self-serve
|
4 stacking and
drying
spaces/stall
|
|
Self-Service Storage
Facility
|
1 space/20
rental units plus
2 spaces for the
"office"; Rows
between storage
buildings shall
be designed to
allow for
simultaneous
vehicle parking
and passage.
|
|
Warehouse
|
1 space/2,000
sq. ft. of floor
area
|
|
Wholesale Distribution
|
1 space/1,000
sq. feet
|
|
Industrial Uses
|
|
|
Manufacturing/Industrial
Uses
|
The greater of 1
space/employee
for the sum of
the two largest
consecutive
shifts plus 1
space/vehicle
used in the
conduct of
business OR 1
space/600 sq. ft
of floor area
|
(c) Other Parking Requirements. For any and all uses or structures not
specifically provided
for in the foregoing enumeration, such parking spaces as the director of public works shall
determine necessary, considering all the parking-generating factors involved, but not less than
two (2) spaces.
(d) Transit Incentive. Upon application of the owner, the parking requirement
of a building or
use may be reduced by 5 percent for lots or tracts of two (2) acres or more located on a transit
route which provide, at the owner's cost, transit pulloffs and transit rider shelters of a type and
location acceptable to the City.
(e) Shared Parking. Upon application of the owners, facilities may be shared
if multiple uses
cooperatively establish and operate parking facilities and if these uses generate parking demands
at different times. (For example, if one use operates during evenings and weekends only and
other uses operate during weekdays only). The applicant shall have the burden of proof for a
reduction in the total number of required parking spaces, and shall provide required
documentation. A shared parking arrangement shall be approved by the director of public works
only if:
(1) A sufficient number of spaces are provided to meet the greater parking demand
of the
particular uses.
(2) Satisfactory evidence has been submitted by the parties operating the shared
parking
facility, describing the nature of the uses and times when the uses operate so as to demonstrate
the lack of conflict between them.
(3) Additional documents, covenants, deed restrictions, or other agreements as
may be deemed
necessary by the director of public works are executed to assure that the required parking spaces
provided are maintained and uses with similar hours and parking requirements as those uses
sharing the parking remain for the life of the building.
(f) Mixed Uses. Generally, in mixed uses, the parking facilities required
shall be the sum of
the requirements for the various individual uses, computed separately in accordance with this
section. Parking facilities for one use shall not be considered as providing the required parking
facilities for any other use, except as approved above in subsection (f) Shared Parking.
(g) Location of Facilities. Except as otherwise provided in this section,
off-street automobile
parking facilities required by this section for all uses except residential may be located either on
the premises of the parking generator or within one thousand (1,000) feet therefrom. Land used
for parking shall be zoned to accommodate the generating use. All off-premises parking
facilities available to the public shall install sidewalks along abutting streets and be accessible
to
abutting street rights-of-way for physically handicapped persons.
(h) Improvement of Parking Areas. All open parking areas shall have:
(1) Setback. No parking shall be permitted within six (6) feet of an adjoining
lot in a
residential district, except as otherwise provided by this chapter.
(2) Grades and Drainage. Parking areas shall be designed to assure positive
drainage, but shall
not exceed a slope of ten (10) percent; provided that transitional and approach driveways which
do not serve directly abutting parking spaces may be designed to a slope of up to fifteen (15)
percent, if accompanied by appropriate landing grades and vertical curves at points of transition.
Storm drainage control and facilities shall be designed to satisfy the requirements of the storm
drainage standards of the City.
(3) Access. Ingress and egress shall be only by way of paved driveways
or openings, according
to standards on file with the director of public works. All parking areas of more than two
hundred (200) spaces shall be served by more than one standard entrance. Access driveways
shall be free of objects which might interfere with the ability of drivers to see pedestrians and
other vehicles.
(4) Paving, Curbs and Marking:
a. All new and expanded vehicle parking and maneuvering areas must be paved with
concrete,
asphalt, or an alternate paving material as determined by the director of public works. Vehicle
storage areas may be surfaced with a permanent, dust-free pavement in lieu of concrete or asphalt
pavement. Pavement cross-section shall be determined by the owner based on considerations of
durability, subsurface conditions, and the type of vehicles using the parking area.
b. Curb islands or wheel stops may be installed for drainage control, and for
vehicular
channelization and lane control; provided, that in parking areas of more than one hundred (100)
spaces, curbing or similar measures shall be required to assure safe and proper control of
vehicular and pedestrian movements. Parked vehicles shall be prevented from intruding on travel
lanes, walkways, public streets, or adjacent properties by means of walls, curbs, wheel stops, or
other means.
c. Interior driveways, fire lanes, and loading or maneuvering areas shall be
in accord with
applicable standards on file with the director of public works. Parking spaces shall be
delineated, and appropriate traffic flow indications given, by use of reflectorized paint on the
parking area pavement.
d. All paving, curbs and markings shall be continuously maintained in good condition,
to the
above standards, after installation.
(5) Lighting. Lights shall be required for all parking areas intended for
night use. Lights shall
be arranged or shielded to direct illumination away from residences and from public streets and
other public areas.
(6) Certification. Prior to authorizing use of any parking area established
under this section, or
issuance of occupancy certificates for any uses dependent thereon, the director of public works,
or his representative, shall inspect and certify the parking area to be in compliance with these
standards.
(7) Exceptions. Driveways and off-street parking for one-family and two-family
dwellings in
Districts R-1 and R-2 shall not be required to comply with the provisions of Subsections (i)(1),
(i)(2), (i)(4)c., and (i)(5) hereof.
(i) Loading Space for Business and Industry. Any business or industrial
building, hospital,
institution or hotel hereafter erected, constructed, reconstructed or expanded in any District shall
provide adequate off-street facilities for the loading and unloading of merchandise and goods
within or adjacent to the building in such a manner as not to obstruct freedom of traffic
movement on the public streets or alleys.
(j) Permits - Parking lots without an associated building permit shall be subject
to separate
permitting and inspecting during construction, as appropriate, and shall not be open for use until
a certificate of completion has been issued by the public works department.
(k) Dimensional elements of off-street parking layouts
(1) All required parking spaces must comply with the minimum dimensions for spaces
shown
in the following diagram and table:
Standard Sized Vehicles Table
29-30(l)(4)
|
Parking
Angle
(A)
|
0
|
20
|
30
|
40
|
45
|
50
|
60
|
70
|
80
|
90
|
|
Curb
Length
Per
Space
(B)
|
23.0'
|
24.9'
|
17.0'
|
13.0'
|
12.0'
|
11.3'
|
9.8'
|
9.4'
|
9.0'
|
8.5'
|
|
Space
Depth
(C)
|
8.0'
|
14.5'
|
16.9'
|
18.5'
|
18.8'
|
19.3
|
20.0'
|
19.5'
|
19.0'
|
18.0'
|
|
Access
Aisle
Width
(D)
|
12.0'*
**
|
12.0'*
|
12.0'*
|
12.0'*
|
13.0'*
|
15.0'*
|
18.0'
|
20.0'
|
22.0'
|
24.0'
|
|
Space
Width
(E)
|
8.0'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
8.5'
|
Note* - Aisle width (D) shall not be less than 18' if the aisle is a designated fire lane.
Note** - Aisle width (D) shall not be less than 22' for two-way traffic.
(2) If the degree of angle of parking provided is not listed, the aisle width
required shall be the
next largest angle of parking shown.
(3) If parking spaces are located only on one side of an access aisle, the width
of the access
aisle may be reduced by 20 percent but not less than 12' wide or 18' wide if a designated fire
lane.
(l) Delayed Construction of Required Parking - Upon application of the owner,
up to twenty
(20) percent of the parking required under this chapter may remain unimproved until such time as
the director of public works deems that it must be improved to adequately serve the parking
demand. Such delayed construction of parking may be permitted only after the director of public
works is satisfied that the initial occupancy of the premises will be adequately served by the
lesser number of spaces and only after approval of a site plan clearly indicating the location,
pattern, and circulation to and from the deferred parking spaces. The land area so delineated
for
future parking shall be brought to finished grade and shall be landscaped. It shall not be used
for
building, storage, loading or other purposes. Further, it shall not count toward the required
landscaping for the site.
(m) Providing facilities for the storage of bicycles in off-street parking lots
or structures.
(1) Any parking lot or structure which contains fifty (50) or more parking spaces
shall be
required to provide adequate and safe on-site bicycle facilities. These bicycle facilities shall be
designed to accommodate the number of bicycle spaces according to the following number of
required vehicle spaces: 50 to 99 vehicle spaces - eight (8) bicycle spaces; 100 to 199 vehicle
spaces - twelve (12) bicycle spaces; 200 to 299 vehicle spaces - fifteen (15) bicycle spaces; 300
or more vehicle spaces - number of bicycle spaces equal to five (5) percent of the number of
vehicle spaces. Bicycle spaces in racks located adjacent to buildings shall count toward this
requirement. In addition, the required number of vehicle parking spaces shall be reduced by one
space for each required bicycle space provided
(2) Bicycle facilities shall be equipped with either a lockable enclosure (bicycle
locker) or a
permanent, secure, and stationary structure (bicycle rack) that supports the bicycle frame and to
which the frame and both bicycle wheels can be locked (with removal of the front wheel) or
where the frame and one wheel can be locked (if both wheels remain on the bicycle).
(3) Each bicycle space shall be at least six (6) feet long, two and a
half (2.5) two (2) feet wide
and shall have a minimum overhead clearance of seven (7) feet. If more than one bicycle rack is
used, an access aisle five (5) feet wide at a minimum is required beside or between each row of
bicycle racks. Bicycle facilities shall be surfaced with all-weather material and maintained in
a
safe and neat condition.
(4) Bicycle parking facilities shall be clearly designated, safely separated
from vehicle
maneuvering areas, and located near the main entrance to the principle use or no further than the
closest 20% of vehicle parking spaces, excluding handicapped spaces. Bicycle parking facilities
in parking structures shall be located on ground level.
(n) Screening and Landscaping - All parking facilities shall comply with the
screening and
landscaping requirements of Section 29-25.
(Code 1964, § 19.250; Ord. No. 9958, § 1, 10-3-83; Ord. No. 11702, § 1, 12-7-87; Ord.
No.
13058, § 1, 8-19-91; Ord. No. 13416, § 1, 8-17-92; Ord. No. 13543, § 1, 12-21-92; Ord.
No.
13622, § 1, 3-15-93; Ord. No. 14164, § 1, 8-1-94; Ord. No. 15134, § 1, 2-3-97; Ord. No.
16798, §
1, 3-5-01; Ord. No. 17116, § 2, 12-17-01; Ord. No. 17247, § 1, 4-1-02)
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Section 29-30 was repealed and replaced by Ord. No. 17116 on
12-17-01.)